NERUOPATHOLOCIAL BASIS FOR COACH PEDOPHILIA, AN ABNORMAL SEXUAL PREFERENCE

“Sexual health is a state of physical, emotional, mental and social well-being in relation to sexuality; it is not merely the absence of disease, dysfunction or infirmity.”

“Sexual health requires a positive and respectful approach to sexuality and sexual relationships, as well as the possibility of having pleasurable and safe sexual experiences, free of Coercion, Discrimination and Violence.”

“For sexual health to be attained and maintained, the Sexual Rights of all persons must be respected, protected and fulfilled.”

Sexual Rights embrace human rights that are already recognized in national laws, international human rights documents and other consensus statements. They include the right of all persons, free of coercion, discrimination and violence, to:

• the highest attainable standard of sexual health, including access to sexual and reproductive health care services;
• seek, receive and impart information related to sexuality;
• sexuality education;
• respect for bodily integrity;
• choose their partner;
• decide to be sexually active or not;
• consensual sexual relations;
• consensual marriage;
• decide whether or not, and when, to have children; and
• pursue a satisfying, safe and pleasurable sexual life.

The responsible exercise of Human Rights requires that all persons respect the rights of others. [35.]

“The United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC) is an international treaty that legally obliges states to protect children’s rights. Articles 34 and 35 of the CRC require states to protect children from all forms of sexual exploitation and sexual abuse.”

“This includes outlawing the coercion of a child to perform sexual activity, the prostitution of children, and the exploitation of children in creating pornography. States are also required to prevent the abduction, sale, or trafficking of children.” [36.]

“Paraphilia (in Greek para παρά = beside and -philia φιλία = friendship, meaning love) is a biomedical term used to describe sexual arousal to objects, situations, or individuals that are not part of normative stimulation and that may cause distress or serious problems for the paraphiliac or persons associated with him or her. A paraphilia involves sexual arousal and gratification towards sexual behavior that is atypical or extreme. [4.]

Before the introduction of the term paraphilia in the DSM-III (1980), the term sexual deviation was used to refer to paraphilias in the first two editions of the manual American Journal of Psychiatry describes paraphilia as “recurrent, intense sexually arousing fantasies, sexual urges, or behaviors generally involving:

1. Non-human objects
2. The suffering or humiliation of oneself or one’s partner
3. Children
4. Non-consenting persons [5.]

Erotic is defined as tending to arouse sexual love or desire, strongly marked, sexually driven and affected by sexual desire the condition of being sexually stimulated. [1.]

The Usual, Customary type of Discrimination refered to is defined by the following:

• Non-Erotic
• Self-Gratification-Against, Dislike-for a person or group
• Negative attitudes and prejudice to another based on socio-cultural choices
• Preconceived judgment and opinion of another
• Action of irrational attitude of hostility toward another
• Disregard another’s Human Rights
• Objective: Hate, Victem Harassment and Destruction
• Directed against an individual or a group because of their differences from the others, usually race, religion, ethnicity, age, sexual orientation, language, disabililty. [1.]

Pedophiliac Sexual Discrimination or Erotic Preference is a Pathological Disorder. The Sexual Rights of Child Victims, when they are victimized, have been disrespected, unprotected, and unlawfully destroyed.

Sexual Rights are recognized in national and international Human Rights and Laws. Child Victims are coerced, targeted (discrimination, Bias) and violated. Pedophiliac Sexual Preference is Characterized by Abnormal Pedophilic Behaviors and Dangerous Paraphiliac Children Effects:

• Sexual arousal and stimulation elicited by contact with Children who are not normal groups of persons like adults that should elicit healthy arousal and stimulation
• Pedophiliac sexual actions likewise initiate physical danger and/or emotional distress and other serious consequences for the Paraphiliac Victimized Children who become associated with the Pedophiles
• Pedophiliac sexual actions are not conscious choices but Pathological Responses to sensory stimuli from Children, primarily visual
• Pedohiliac sexual actions with Children are always Criminal Actions in the U.S.

“The paraphilias are bizarre and disturbing phenomena of abnormal human sexual preference. How is it that a small fraction of human beings, and most often men, can have eroto-sexual preferences for objects (such as shoes), or parts of the human body (such as the hair or feet), for inappropriate partners (such as animals or children), or for behavioral traits (such as sadism or lust-murder)?”

“However, those human beings afflicted with paraphilias show deep seated and bizarre eroto-sexual preferences, which indicate that something has gone profoundly astray during their childhood or perhaps during adolescence, to inappropriately condition sexual arousal.”

God and His Laws of Nature put sexual “drive into human beings for a very important reason, the preservation of the human race. If a person stops eating, he will die. If we all stopped having sex, the human race would die.”

Behaviors enacted in response to powerful biological appetites, be it for food or for sex, can become associated with some degree of volitional impairment.

Calling a condition a disorder always involves a bad outcome. Pedophilia is considered a disorder because of its bad consequences and permanent damage to Children and Youth..

“Men with pedophilia get erections when fantasizing about children. Heterosexual men get erections when fantasizing about women. In neither case is that so because the individual in question has somehow decided ahead of time to program his mind to work in such a fashion.”

Persons with Pedophilia have simply not chosen toexperience an alternative state of mind. [29.]

“But a disorder it most assuredly is. This is bizarre and abnormal disorder of sexuality. It cannot be truly “consensual,” as in the case of sexual activity involving adults. The child is always at risk of being manipulated or disadvantaged by an adult in such relationships.”

A master manipulator, “a pedophile can inappropriately interact with an unsuspecting child and set up an agenda for intimacy.” [22.] [23.]

“As a medical diagnosis, pedophilia (or paedophilia) is defined as a psychiatric disorder in adults or late adolescents (persons age 16 or older) typically characterized by a primary or exclusive sexual interest in prepubescent children (generally age 13 years or younger, though onset of puberty may vary). The child must be at least five years younger in the case of adolescent pedophiles (16 or older) to be termed pedophilia.
International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems”

The International Classification of Disease Code for Pedophilia 2012 ICD-9-CM Diagnosis Code is - 302.2, The code 302.2 is a billable medical code that can be used to specify a diagnosis on a reimbursement claim. It will convert to ICD-10-CM
[24.][25.][26.][27.]

Paraphilia and Pedophilia are not socio-cultural choices. There are Neuropathological bases for these disorders. Pedophilia is not a conscious choice. There are underlying Central Nervous System Pathological Abnormalities. Pedophilia can be heterosexual, homosexual, bisexual, transexual etc.

The Pedophiles Erotic Discriminations or Deviant Sexual Preferences for Child Victems, including Child and Youth Athletes, are not socio-cultural choices and don’t follow the usual defintion of Discrimination. They are Central Nervous System Pathological Based Abnormalities.

Pedophiles may engage in a wide range of sexual acts with children. When confronted about engaging in such activities, pedophiles commonly justify and minimize their actions by stating that the acts “had educational value,” that the child derived pleasure from the acts or attention, or that the child was provocative and encouraged the acts in some way.[9.]

A U.S. Department of Justice manual for law enforcement officers identifies 5 common psychological defense patterns in pedophiles:[10.]

• Denial (e.g., “Is it wrong to give a child a hug?”)
• Minimization (e.g., “It only happened once.”)
• Justification (e.g., “I am a boy lover, not a child molester.”)
• Fabrication (activities were research for a scholarly project), and
• Attack (character attacks on child, prosecutors, or police, as well as potential for physical violence).

Child molestation is not a medical diagnosis and is not necessarily a term synonymous with pedophilia.[11.] A child molester is loosely defined as any individual who touches a child to obtain sexual gratification with the specifier that the offender is at least 4 to 5 years older than the child. The age qualifier is added to eliminate developmentally normal childhood sex play (e.g., two 8-year-olds “playing doctor”).[12.] [15.]

Coach Pedophilia Sex with Child and Youth Athletes is about the powerful over the powerless, because of the Power Gap between the Coach and Child Athlete.

“Pedophiles use varying degrees of persuasion, coercion, and physical force in their sexual assaults. Pedophiles may also display aggressiveness and characteristics of hostility in nonsexual areas of their behavior.” [16.] Their encounters might mingle violence with erotic desire.

Consent implies that the individual is of legal age. The age of consent or legal age varies from one jurisdiction to the next. Usually the age of consent is 18.

Pedophiles argue there is no “force” or “coercive” actions that pressure the child into the sexual acts. The Pedophile equates the lack of force and coercion as consent on the part of the Child.”

“What the Pedophile is actually referring to is that the sexual act was “mutual”. All mutual sexual acts with children are illegal because the Child is not legally allowed to consent to sex/ Because of the minor age of the Child, the sex acts with adults are extremely physically and psychologically harmful to the Child. [28.]

The Problematic Pediphilic Coach has a complex Neuropathological basis for his/her disorder. There are “wires crossed”, so to speak, in their Central Nevrous System.

“Study findings supported increased prevalence of Childhood Sexual Abuse along with elevated propensity towards cognitive distortions and psychopathy in individuals with pedophilia vs. healthy controls.

Individuals with pedophilia had higher rates of Childhood Sexual Abuse, more schizoid traits, and lower impulsivity and behavioral psychopathy scores.

On phallometry, individuals with pedophilia showed higher erectile response overall but evidence of erotic discrimination, with clear preference for pedophilic rather than adult female stimuli.

Penile tumescence is the vacular reaction within the penis after arousal causing erection. The largest reactions for normal individuals were elicited by the physically mature adult female.” [8.]

“Individuals with pedophilia showed elevations both in traits related to aberrant motivation and to impaired inhibition.

Heterogeneity among these traits may reflect the degree to which pedophilic urges and behavior pertain to either aberrant motivation or impaired inhibition.” [2.]

“A psychobiological model of pedophilia is proposed that conditions lead to neurodevelopmental abnormalities in the temporal regions mediating sexual arousal and erotic discrimination and the frontal regions mediating the cognitive aspects of sexual desire and behavioral inhibition.

In this way, pedophiles develop deviant pedophilic arousal. Subsequently, if there is comorbid personality pathology, specifically sociopathy and cognitive distortions, there will be failure to inhibit pedophilic behavior.” [3.]

“Research that seeks Neuropsychiatric Differences between pedophiles and the general population, the prison population, and other sexual offenders has been undertaken.

Neuropsychiatric differences of the Pedophile:

• Lower IQ (though this is controversial)
• Prominence of left-handedness
• Impaired cognitive abilities
• Neuroendocrine differences
• Brain abnormalities
• Possible neurochemical differnces, especially in serotonin levels
• Other psychiatric disorders [7.]

“Most child molesters are true pedophiles, that is, they prefer sex with children over sex with adults. Most of them don’t like sex with adults at all, or at least not much.
Pedophilia is a problem of desire.”

Sexual Sadism is a PARAPHILIA in which sexual gratification is derived from hurting, humiliating, or otherwise inflicting physical or psychological suffering on another. [34.]

“Sexual sadism refers to the derivation of sexual pleasure from the infliction of pain, suffering and/or humiliation upon another person. The pain and suffering of the victim, which may be both physical and psychological, is pivotal to the sexual arousal and pleasure. The ICD-10 (World Health Organization, 1992) defines sadism as “preference for sexual activity that involves bondage or infliction of pain or humiliation.”

ICD-9 (International Classification of Disease) for Sexual Sadism code - 302.84

The Preferential Pedophile has two subtypes:

1. “The Seductive Pedophile is also known as the fixated type. They are usually homosexual men that prefer male victims. Their seduction process involves buying the future victim gifts or helping them with various things. They became a friend the victim can lean on. As the bond grows sexual innuendo is slowly brought in to the relationship. The may show them pornographic pictures or videos. The aim to confuse their victim about sex and then once the abuse begins they blame the victim. They often have friends that are also pedophiles and they network. This network uses the Internet to find victims and search for pornography. They have a list of potential victims and they know where to find them.

2. “The Sadistic Pedophile is grotesque when it comes to sexual preferences. They severely abuse their victims and sometimes kill them. They search for the perfect victim and they will travel long distances to gain access to the victim. They stalk and then attack and/or abduct their victim. Their abductions are typically designed to confuse the parents and the authorities. This type of pedophile is usually intelligent and middle to upper class. They like to be on the move and they like change. [33.]

“Pedophiles, child molesters, sexual offenders…all these names apply to those that stalk and molest our children. They are dangerous and often invisible to us.

NEUROPATHOLOGY AND NEUROBIOCHEMICAL CHANGES IN PEDOPHILA

“A high comorbidity of impulse control disorders (eg, explosive personality disorder, kleptomania, pyromania, pathological gambling) has been noted in pedophiles (30%-55%).7 These factors have been postulated to indicate that pedophiles may have Neurodevelopmental Distresses.”

A study by Schiffer et al, found decreased gray matter volume bilaterally in the ventral striatum, insula, orbitofrontal cortex, and cerebellum of the pedophiles. the existence of disrupted neurophysiologic attributes.

“The temporal lobe findings deserve special attention. It has long been known that certain medical conditions, such as temporal lobe epilepsy and Kluver-Bucy syndrome (bilateral lesions in the temporal lobes), can lead to hypersexual or hyposexual behavior.23 Several studies indicate that the temporal lobe is involved in erotic discrimination and arousal thresholds.

“As previously mentioned, these changes commonly occur with other conditions, such as certain personality disorders, which are also found in a large number of pedophiles.

“A question this raises is whether some of the changes noted in pedophiles are related to problems of brain development and maturation or represent brain changes that have resulted from life experiences, such as being physically abused and sexual victimized themselves as children.

Studies of neurochemical differences in pedophiles vs controls have also been performed. A particular area of interest is serotonin function and metabolism.

“Serotonin has long been known to play a role in impulse control disorders such as OCD and is theorized to have significance in the paraphilias. Pedophiles had a serotonergic disturbance, most likely caused by the decreased activity of the presynaptic serotonergic neuron and hypersensitivity of the serotonin 2 postsynaptic receptor.

“A study by Blanchard et al found the mean intelligence rating of bisexual and homosexual pedophiles was significantly lower than heterosexual offenders (either pedophile or teleiophile). The study by Blanchard et al10 also indicated that the lower the intelligence of the offender, the younger the age of the abused child.

“Another study by Blanchard et al11 the hypothesis that neurodevelopmental differences or injuries in early childhood may result in one being sexually oriented toward children.

Environmental factors may predispose individuals to become pedophiles. Pedophiles often report environmental stress as a factor that increases their urges or desire to offend against children.

“One of the most obvious examples of an environmental factor that increases the chances of an individual becoming an offender is if he or she were sexually abused as a child. Studies that examined females who committed sexual acts against children reported that 47% to 100% of them had experienced sexual assault as children.

“Individuals who engage in homosexual pedophilia were more likely to have been abused than individuals who engage in heterosexual pedophilia.

Of note, although abused individuals are more likely to abuse others, most individuals who are abused do not perpetuate the cycle.” [7.]

“We have, above all, the studies of the American social psychologist and social harmony researcher James W. Prescott, who garnered public attention by elucidating the connections between child-rearing, sexual behavior, and violence-potential in various world cultures.

“The quintessence of these studies is the thesis that certain cultures go a long way towards raising children in a love-starved, tactilely-nourishing-deprived environment and moral code in which pre-marital sexuality is prohibited, an environment in which they are drowning in chaos and violence. That is because violence, as Prescott established scientifically, originates from a compensation reaction on the part of the mind to a lack of (tactile) pleasure”. [17.]

“T.W. Campbell who, synthesizing forty years of neurological research, has concluded that the impetus for every kind of human act of human aspiration is pleasure. If we now prevent the attainment of such pleasure, the human mind compensates for this lack by stimulating the brain’s violence center. Neurologically speaking, the pleasure and violence centers are regarded as being in a zero-sum stasis. The more the pleasure-center is activated, the less active is the violence-center, and vice versa.” [18.]

“One is able to say that love and violence are mutually exclusive from Prescott’s sutdies of tactile-nourishing deprivations in childhood. The more lovingly, affectionately and tactilely nourishing someone is raised up, the more physical joy he or she has already experienced as a child, the less violent he or she will be in later life. 17.]

But “Sex Actions” are not always love. Thus violence is not mutually exclusive during all “Sex Actions”. “Going all the way” is is not love but casual “Sex Action” and can be acompanied by violence..

“Precious love is quite another thing. It is experienced when two people are totally committed to each other and have the security of marriage. Devout Belivers believe “Sex Actions” and God’s way are best. [19.]

“A study published in the Feb. 9 issue of Nature indicates that sex and violence are intertwined in the male brain. Deep within the brain of expermental mice is a circuit of cells that determine whether they fight or mate. Neuroscientists believe that human brains are wired similarly.”

“Dr. Clifford Saper of Harvard Medical School points out that sex and violence are inseparably linked in a chain that leads to the survival of a species. Fighting off invading males preserves territory and sex with females passes on genetic line.

Even in humans, stimulation of the VMH is known to produce aggressive behavior. Dr. Newton Canteras of the University of São Paulo in Brazil believes further study will reveal that sexual behavior is centered in the same area of the human hypothalamus. Such knowledge may also help scientists understand and treat violent sex criminals [21.]

Abnormal Coaching Pedophile Behaviors are the Pedophiles Erotic Discriminations or Deviant Sexual Preferences for romantic encounters with Child and Youth Athlete victems. These Acts do not follow the usual, customary defintion of Discrimination and Bias. They are Central Nervous System Pathological Based Abnormalities.

Coach Neuropahological Pedophile Behaviors are deeply centered within the brain of the central nervoux system where the region for subconscious, instinctive Sexual Drive, Self Defense and species Survival are centered. The Center when altered pathologically manifests itself with Pedophillic Sexual Self-Gratification and Sadistic Child Athlete Victimization and Destruction

Study: “To examine whether pedophilic perpetrators show structural neuronal deficits in brain regions that are critical for sexual behavior and how these deficits relate to criminological characteristics.”

“Pedophilic crime causes considerable public concern, but no causative factor of pedophilia has yet been pinpointed. In the past, etiological theories postulated a major impact of the environment, but recent studies increasingly emphasize the role of neurobiological factors, as well. However, the role of alterations in brain structures that are crucial in the development of sexual behavior has not yet been systematically studied in pedophilic subjects.”

“Pedophilic perpetrators showed a significant decrease of right amygdalar volume, compared with healthy controls (P = .001). We observed reduced gray matter in the right amygdala, hypothalamus (bilaterally), septal regions, substantia innominata, and bed nucleus of the striae terminalis. In 8 of the 15 perpetrators, enlargement of the anterior temporal horn of the right lateral ventricle that adjoins the amygdala could be recognized by routine qualitative clinical assessment. Smaller right amygdalar volumes were correlated with the propensity to commit uniform pedophilic sexual offenses exclusively (P = .006) but not with age (P = .89).”

“Pedophilic perpetrators show structural impairments of brain regions critical for sexual development. These impairments are not related to age, and their extent predicts how focused the scope of sexual offenses is on uniform pedophilic activity. Subtle defects of the right amygdala and closely related structures might be implicated in the pathogenesis of pedophilia and might possibly reflect developmental disturbances or environmental insults at critical periods.” [30.]

“Compared to the homosexual and heterosexual control subjects, pedophiles showed decreased gray matter volume in the ventral striatum (also extending into the nucl. accumbens), the orbitofrontal cortex and the cerebellum. These observations further indicate an association between frontostriatal morphometric abnormalities and pedophilia. In this respect these findings may support the hypothesis that there is a shared etiopathological mechanism in all obsessive-compulsive spectrum disorders.” [31.]

“A Case Report Study and Report revealed that Orbitofrontal abnormalities are associated with poor impulse control, altered sexual behavior, and sociopathy.”

“A patient with acquired pedophilia and a right orbitofrontal tumor who was unable to inhibit sexual urges despite preserved moral knowledge.”

“The patient displayed impulsive sexual behavior with pedophilia, marked constructional apraxia, and agraphia. The behavioral symptoms and constructional deficits, including agraphia, resolved following tumor resection.”

“For patients with acquired sociopathy and paraphilia, an orbitofrontal localization requires consideration. This case further illustrates that constructional apraxia can arise from right prefrontal lobe dysfunction. Agraphia may represent a manifestation of constructional apraxia in the absence of aphasia and ideomotor apraxia.” [32.]

A growing body of research points to a possible prenatal neurodevelopmental correlation. A 2008 study determined that males with a pronounced degree of fetish interest had findings that would indicate excessive prenatal estrogen exposure and suggestions that disturbed hemispheric brain lateralization may play a role in deviant attractions [6.]

“Pedophilia is a complex, often compulsive, psychosexual disorder with profound implications for the abused child, the perpetrator, and community. It is important for physicians to understand the various types of Pedophiles, the profile of the abused children, and the offenders’ responses to treatment and their risk for repeated offense.” [7.]

Coach and all Pedophiles intensely desire, give sexual preference and select romantically Children for their sexual targets. Pedophilia is a form of Sexual Preference Discrimination. The Pedophile’s objective is Sexual Self-Gratification which is a subconscious, instinctive Sexual Drive.

The despicable damaging consequences to Children are Sadistic Child Victimization, Psychological Destruction. and, potentially. Physical Devastation and Spiritual Annihilation. Pedophilia is the worst of the worst “Sex Crimes” even when the target is not murdered after these atrocious sexual actions. They paralyze the Child Victim, Perpetrator and community

“A nation…cannot survive treason from within…the traitor …wears the face of his victims,…and he appeals to the baseness that lies deep in the hearts of all men. He rots the soul of a nation—he works secretly…he infects the body politic so that it can no longer resist. A murderer is less to be feared…….” Cicero, 42 B.C.E. [20.]

1. [Meriam Webster Dictionary]
2. [Identifying the Psychobiological Correlates of Pedophilic Desire and Behavior: How Can We Generalize Our Knowledge Beyond Forensic Samples? Lisa J. Cohen, Ph.D. and Igor I. Galynker, M.D., Ph.D,.Beth Israel Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New York, NY]
3. [Heterosexual male perpetrators of childhood sexual abuse: a preliminary neuropsychiatric model. Cohen LJ, Nikiforov K, Gans S, Poznansky O, McGeoch P, Weaver C, King EG, Cullen K, Galynker I. Psychiatr Q. 2002 Winter;73(4):313-36.]
4. [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 1994.][Wikipedia]
5. [American Psychiatric Association. (2000). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (4th ed., text rev.). Washington, DC: Author.][wikipedia]
6. [Rahman & Symeonides, Q; Symeonides, DJ (2008). "Neurodevelopmental correlates of paraphilic sexual interests in men". Archives of Sexual Behavior 37 (1): 166–172]]
7. [A Profile of Pedophilia: Definition, Characteristics of Offenders, Recidivism, Treatment Outcomes, and Forensic Issues, Ryan C. W. Hall, MD and Richard C. W. Hall, MD, PA , Mayo Clinic Proceedings April 2007 vol. 82 no. 4 457-471]
8. [Erotic Preference, Gender Identity and Aggression in Men, Ron Langeven ed.]
[9.] Child Sexual Exploitation Update, 2004; 1(no. 3). Available at www.ndaa.org
[10.] Lanning, K.V., Child Molesters: A Behavioral Analysis. 4th ed. Alexandria, VA: National Center for Missing & Exploited Children; 2001
[11.] Murray, J.B., “Psychological profile of pedophiles and child molesters,” Journal of Psychology. 2000; 134:211-224
[12.] Abel, G.G., Becker, J.V., Cunningham-Rathner, J., Mittelman, M., Rouleau, J.L., “Multiple paraphilic diagnoses among sex offenders. Bulletin of the American Academy of Psychiatry & The Law. 1988; 16: 153-168.
[13.] Justice Research and Statistic Association http://www.jrsa.org/ibrrc/background-status/nibrs_states.shtml
[14.] Abel, G.G., Harlow, N., “The Abel and Harlow child molestation prevention study,” Excerpted from The Stop Child Molestation Book, Philadelphia, PA: Xlibris; 2001]
15. [mental health and beyond by E. Diane Champe, We Are Adult Survivors of Child Abuse and Neglect Pedophilia Versus Child Molestation – Part 2 July 11, 2011]
16. [.Are pedophiles with aggressive tendencies more sexually violent? Greenberg DM, Bradford JM, Curry S, Bull Am Acad Psychiatry Law. 1996;24(2):225-35. PubMed]
17. [James W. Prescott, "Body Pleasure and the Origins of Violence." Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 10-20 (1975), in part also published in The Futurist, April 1975.]
18. [T.W. Campbell, The Pleasure Areas, London: Eyre Methuen Ltd., 1973.]
19. [Youth World Lesson 4: Understanding the Sex Jonathan David]
20. [Vatic Master, The Vatic Project,11/19/2011]
21. [Sex and violence may intertwine in same brain cell circuit by Steve Tarlow February 10, 2011, NewYType.com]
22. [Abnormal Eroto-sexual Preferences in Human Beings: The Nature of Pedophilia Alan F. Dixson, D.Sc., Center for Reproduction of Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, POB 120551, San Diego, California 92112-0551]
23. [Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 31, No. 6, December 2002, pp. 479–503 (°C 2002) Peer Commentaries on Green (2002) and Schmidt (2002) Pedophilia: When Is a Difference a Disorder? Fred S. Berlin, M.D., Ph.D., National Institute for the Study, Prevention and Treatment of Sexual Trauma, 104 E. Biddle St., Baltimore, Maryland 21202]
24. [Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders DSM-IV TR (Text Revision). Arlington, VA, USA: American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc.. 2000-06. p. 943. doi:10.1176/appi.books.9780890423349. ISBN 978-0890420249]
25. ["Pedophilia". Encyclopædia Britannica. http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9058932.]
26. [Seto MC.(2009) Pedophilia. Annual Review of Clinical Psychology 5:391-407.]
27. [Section F65.4: Paedophilia (online access via ICD-10 site map table of contents)."Pedophilia". ICD-10.]
28. [Pedophilia: More Than A Moral Dilemma Dean Fazekas, M.S.S.A., Adult Sex Offender Treatment Program, 2103 Clark Ave., Cleveland, Ohio 44109]
29. [Archives of Sexual Behavior, Vol. 31, No. 6, December 2002, pp. 479–503 (°C 2002) Peer Commentaries on Green (2002) and Schmidt (2002) Pedophilia: When Is a Difference a Disorder? Fred S. Berlin, M.D., Ph.D., National Institute for the
Study, Prevention and Treatment of Sexual Trauma, 104 E. Biddle St., Baltimore, Maryland 21202]
30. [Brain pathology in pedophilic offenders: evidence of volume reduction in the right amygdala and related diencephalic structures., Schiltz K, Witzel J, Northoff G, Zierhut K, Gubka U, Fellmann H, Kaufmann J, Tempelmann C, Wiebking C, Bogerts B., Department of Psychiatry, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Saxony-Anhalt 39120, Germany]
31. [Structural brain abnormalities in the frontostriatal system and cerebellum in pedophilia. Schiffer B, Peschel T, Paul T, Gizewski E, Forsting M, Leygraf N, Schedlowski M, Krueger TH., Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. boris. J Psychiatr Res. 2007 Nov;41(9):753-62. Epub 2006 Jul 31]
32. [Right orbitofrontal tumor with pedophilia symptom and constructional apraxia sign. Burns JM, Swerdlow RH., Department of Neurology, University of Virginia Health System, 1 Hospital Dr, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. Arch Neurol. 2003 Mar;60(3):437-40]
33. [Pedophiles and their characteristics, Child Safe Tips]
34. Miller-Keane Encyclopedia and Dictionary of Medicine, Nursing, and Allied Health, Seventh Edition]
35. [Defining sexual healthReport of a technical consultation on sexual health 28–31 January 2002, Geneva Geneva, 2006, World Health Organization.]

FORMER PENN STATE FOOTBALL COACH CHARGED WITH SEXUAL ABUSE

“A former defensive coordinator for the Penn State football team was arrested yesterday Saturday Nov 2 2011 on charges of sexually abusing eight boys across a 15-year period. Jerry Sandusky, 67, who had worked with needy children through his Second Mile foundation. Gary Schultz, the senior vice president for finance and business, and Tim Curley, the athletic director Penn State, were charged Saturday with perjury and failure to report to authorities what they knew of the allegations, as required by state law.”

“This is a case about a sexual predator who used his position within the university and community to repeatedly prey on young boys,” the Pennsylvania attorney general, Linda Kelly, said in a statement.”

“Mr. Sandusky was an assistant defensive coach to Joe Paterno, the coach with the most career victories in major college football, who helped propel Penn State to the top tiers of the sport. Until now, the Big Ten university had one of the most sterling images in college athletics, largely thanks to Mr. Paterno and his success in 46 seasons as head coach.” [New York Times, Sam Borden contributor Nov 6, 2011]

‎”How To Report Child Abuse in Pennsylvania: “If you suspect that a child is being abused, abandoned or neglected, contact the agency listed below, call local Child Protective Services, call 9-1-1.”… “Here is a link Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare Toll-Free: (800) 932-0313 TDD: 866-872-1677

SEXUAL ATHLETE ABUSE

SEXUAL ATHLETE ABUSE - COACHES WHO PREY ON ATHLETES
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In U.S. schools, educators who sexually offend Child and Youth Athletes range in age from “21 to 75 years old, with an average age of 28″ with teachers, coaches, substitute teachers, bus drivers and teacher’s aides (in that order) totaling 69% of the offenders. [111] Shakeshaft, C, “Educator Sexual Misconduct: A Synthesis of the Literature”, U.S. Department of Education, 2004, p24-25. Perhaps the largest contributor to the issue of coaches and sexual abuse is lack of awareness and education. Ref: The Dark Side of Youth Sports: COACHES SEXUALLY ABUSING CHILDREN - the need for a code of conduct USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education), Jan, 2000 by Leonard D. Zaichkowsky Leonard D. Zaichkowsky is coordinator of the Sport and Exercise Psychology Program, Boston (Mass.) University, a member of the Board of Advisors of the National Youth Sports Safety Foundation, and a consulting psychologist for the National Basketball Association’s Boston Celtics.
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BY CHRISTINE WILLMSEN, THE SEATTLE TIMES

The Times found in the growing world of girls’ sports, 159 coaches have been reprimanded or fired for sexual misconduct in the past decade, and that 98 of them continued to coach or teach as the schools, the state and even some parents looked the other way.

We discovered school officials often failed to investigate coaches when faced with complaints and sometimes ignored a law requiring them to report suspected abuse to police and the state education office.

But the story wasn’t just about coaches in schools. We found in the growing field of private club teams, coaches receive almost no oversight, and the athletes are even more vulnerable. Later we discovered felons convicted of murder, incest and delivering drugs were coaching in the Amateur Athletic Union in Washington and Idaho.
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http://www.aphroditewomenshealth.com/news/20030526004941_health_news.shtml

COACHES WHO PREY ON ATHLETES

Sunday, December 14, 2003 - Page updated at 12:00 a.m.
Coaches continue working for schools and private teams after being caught for sexual misconduct
By Christine Willmsen and Maureen O’Hagan
Seattle Times staff reporters

The bond between athlete and coach can be powerful, and the one between a 15-year-old Port Townsend girl and a 34-year-old basketball coach was especially strong.

The girl, raised in a troubled home, saw Randy Sheriff not only as a mentor on dribbling and jump-shooting, but as surrogate parent, confidant and “the greatest dad in the world.”

Sheriff showered her first with attention, then with flowers and chocolates, then with kisses.

Before long, the coach — a married man with two children of his own — was sending the teenager love notes. By the time she was 16, she says, they were having sex.
People around them suspected as much but looked the other way as Sheriff isolated the girl from her friends and family.

Although Port Townsend school officials believed Sheriff was having an intimate relationship with her, they simply nudged him out of town, allowing him to land a coaching job in the Cascade Mountain burg of Cle Elum, where he was ultimately accused of preying on another girl.

He had to leave that school, too, but continued to coach, this time for girls on elite private teams in the Seattle area.

This is the secret side of the fast-growing world of girls sports. In a yearlong investigation that involved an ongoing court battle with school districts and the state teachers union, The Seattle Times discovered:

• Over the past decade, 159 coaches in Washington have been fired or reprimanded for sexual misconduct ranging from harassment to rape. Nearly all were male coaches victimizing girls. At least 98 of these coaches continued to coach or teach.
• The number of offending coaches is much greater. When faced with complaints against coaches, school officials often failed to investigate them and sometimes ignored a law requiring them to report suspected abuse to police. Many times, they disregarded a state law requiring them to report misconduct to the state education office.
• Even after getting caught, many men were allowed to continue coaching because school administrators promised to keep their disciplinary records secret if the coaches simply left. Some districts paid tens of thousands of dollars to get coaches to leave. Other districts hired coaches they knew had records of sexual misconduct.
• When the state gets involved, its investigations can be as flawed as local districts’. On average, the Office of Superintendent of Public Instruction (OSPI) took two years to investigate a case and sometimes didn’t conduct a single interview with a victim, coach or school official. Often, the state simply dropped investigations, leaving accused coaches with clean records and valid teaching certificates.
• In the growing field of private club teams, coaches can get a job or start a team with almost no regulation or oversight. Men who coach teams sanctioned by the Amateur Athletic Union have been convicted of such crimes as assault, indecent liberties with a child and drug possession.
• With all of these system failures, parents are the last line of defense for female athletes. But too often, parents ignore the warning signs of sexual misconduct. Some parents suspected abuse and did little to stop it, trusting the coaches while doubting their young accusers.

“Unfortunately, everyone has an investment in the silence — the parents, the team and community,” said Sandra Kirby, a Canadian sociologist who studied sex abuse of athletes by coaches. “The measure is, if a coach has had good successes, that’s all they are worried about. They’re ignoring the victims.”

BETTY UDESEN / THE SEATTLE TIMES

Cross country is one of many high-school sports attracting a large number of girls. Last year, more than 3,390 girls statewide competed in the sport. In the state, 43 percent of high-school girls participate in athletics.

NEED FOR COACHES GREATER THAN EVER

A small number of unscrupulous coaches exploits the opportunity
The demand for quality coaching in girls sports has burgeoned since 1972, when Congress passed Title IX, a law requiring that girls be given the same educational — and athletic — opportunities as boys.

Today, the soccer fields and basketball courts of America are nearly as likely to be occupied by females as by males. The number of girls playing high-school sports in Washington has tripled since 1972. Last year, 43 percent of high-school girls played sports.

That doesn’t include the thousands of girls, teenage or younger, who take part in recreational or club teams outside the school setting.

This boom created a nearly insatiable call for coaches, most of whom are men.
Coaching is a demanding profession, with long hours, often low pay and pressure from insistent fans. For most of the more than 20,000 coaches in this state, the reward is the satisfaction of mentoring student-athletes, not only in the skills of a particular sport, but in the values of teamwork, practice and sportsmanship.
But for a small and unscrupulous minority, there is another reward: the opportunity to sexually prey upon their young charges.

Coaching presents a unique opportunity for such misconduct. Coaches work with athletes for hours at a time, often over several years, in unstructured settings such as locker rooms and out-of-town tournaments. Coaches tell them what to eat, how to train and even with whom to associate.

Coaches are generally admired by kids and parents and, like priests, might be the last people suspected of abuse. As a profession, coaching has one of the highest rates of sexual-misconduct complaints, according to Bill Lennon, a Bellevue licensed sex-offender therapist and expert on sexual abuse by teachers.

A study of North Carolina schools found that the No. 1 reason for dismissal of a coach — accounting for 1 in every 5 firings — was not a team’s poor performance on the field, but the coach’s sexual relationship with a student.

The Times analysis shows that Washington teachers who coach are three times more likely to be investigated by the state for sexual misconduct than noncoaching teachers. (Coaches who teach at private schools are not required to have a teaching certificate. Without public records, reporters could not include them in the analysis.)

Misconduct by coaches runs the gamut: a Northshore coach who had sex with a girl for several years and now teaches in Snohomish County; a Davenport coach who paid girls to pose for pornographic pictures and videos; a Lynnwood-area basketball coach accused last week of molesting four girls.

The laws are clear. In Washington, a teacher commits a crime if he has sex with a student younger than 18. For coaches who aren’t teachers, it’s against the law to have sex with someone younger than 16 or with a person younger than 18 if they abuse their “supervisory position” — giving punishment or rewards — to obtain sex.
But the crime is hard to prove and the law rarely used.

In looking at specific cases, The Times found how easily a predatory coach can take advantage of an unsuspecting student, and how easily he can move on to other victims.

VULNERABLE GIRLS CAN BECOME VICTIMS

How a Port Townsend coach took advantage of a troubled teenager

DOCUMENTS

Randy Sheriff came to Port Townsend in 1983 with an impressive résumé. He had led Seattle’s Roosevelt High School basketball team to the 1973 state tournament and later played professional basketball in Europe.

Sheriff coached girls volleyball and boys basketball and taught driver’s education at Port Townsend High School.

In 1988, he took an interest in a 15-year-old girl with long brown hair. He sharpened her basketball skills and talked about her troubles at home. One night, she needed to talk about a fight she had had with her dad. The girl met Sheriff at a picnic table in a park, looking for support.

“He really didn’t seem to want to talk about it,” she said in court records. “He just leaned over and gave me a full-on French kiss.”

Before long, Sheriff was sending her love notes, she said.

“I felt puzzled, like I was falling in love,” the girl said. “He was my lifeline.”
By the time she was 16, she said, she and the coach were having sex in his car, at his house and in motels. Occasionally, she said, he brought along alcohol and marijuana they both used.

(The girl is not being named because The Times generally does not identify people who were sexually victimized. Others did agree to be identified.)

She baby-sat his two children. Sheriff made her his coaching assistant for the Port Townsend boys basketball team and brought her on road trips. She trained with him at his California basketball camp, and he took her to Australia with an adult men’s team.

The relationship took its toll on her. Because Sheriff insisted on secrecy, the teenager distanced herself from family and friends, feeling alone and ashamed.
“If we were driving where people might see us, he would put my head down onto the seat of the car until we got out of town,” she later said in a statement. “That was extremely humiliating for me.”

The girl slipped into depression and had suicidal thoughts. Word of their relationship spread through the high school. Heather Carter, a Port Townsend graduate, said students “snickered” when the pair disappeared into a room off the gym. “Everyone in the school knew they were having an affair.”

Some employees raised concerns with Principal Jim Carter. He talked to Sheriff and the girl, but both denied any intimacy, and the matter was dropped.

PATRICK J. SULLIVAN / PORT TOWNSEND LEADER (1991)

Randy Sheriff was a successful boys basketball coach for several years at Port Townsend High School, taking the team to its first state tournament in 1991. He left the school that year after complaints that he was involved in a sexual relationship with a female student.

But suspicions continued to circulate, and in 1990, Carter sent Sheriff a letter ordering him to stay away from the student.

“There were no more reports and apparently what we did must have worked, because the student left the school district,” Carter said in an interview. “We were satisfied if there was anything going on, we had cut that short.”

But the relationship hadn’t ended. The girl moved in with her mother, transferring to Friday Harbor High School on San Juan Island for her senior year, and played basketball.

After one of her games, coach Vic Woodward questioned the girl about reports that Sheriff had been seen giving her a piggyback ride and kissing her.

She admitted it was true. Woodward “told me it had to stop or he would have to tell someone. He never asked me about it again,” she later told state investigators.

In 1998, she sued the Port Townsend district and Sheriff. A psychologist hired by her lawyer evaluated her, writing in a report: “It appears that Mr. Sheriff took advantage of her vulnerability by requiring her to engage in sexual activity with him in return for his attention and affection. Not only did Mr. Sheriff have a significant advantage over (the girl) due to the age differential, he also enjoyed a power position from his role as a teacher and coach.”

“Don’t have blind faith — I did,” her father said recently. “He is a coach. He is in a position of authority. I didn’t think anything could go wrong.”

The district settled with her in 2002, paying $50,000. Sheriff settled earlier for an undisclosed sum. The victim’s lawyer described school officials’ attitude as “see-no-evil, hear-no-evil.”

In 1991, Port Townsend school officials told Sheriff he was no longer needed as the boys basketball coach despite taking the team to the state tournament.

New school district finds love letter from Sheriff to basketball star

By the next school year, Sheriff found another coaching and teaching job, this time at Cle Elum-Roslyn High School. He coached girls volleyball and softball and boys basketball.

Personnel files are unclear when the new district learned of Sheriff’s intimacy with the Port Townsend girl. However, Cle Elum-Roslyn Principal Jim Stephenson assigned Brian Pendleton, a director of extracurricular activities, to keep an eye on Sheriff.
And before long, Sheriff again was focusing his attention on a girl who was the star of the volleyball and basketball teams.

“It was clear from week two it was already inappropriate,” Pendleton said. “I was angry he had been passed to Cle Elum. Someone passed a problem along and we kept hurting kids.”

In a letter to Cle Elum-Roslyn Superintendent Jake Walker, Pendleton reported that more than 20 parents had lodged complaints about Sheriff in fall 1994: spending unsupervised time with girls after practices, allowing them to drive his car and developing an unusually close relationship with his star player.

In March 1995, administrators were given a love letter, found in the school parking lot, from Sheriff to the girl.

“The way we play off each other is so instinctual, so natural, I can’t help but think about the potential,” Sheriff wrote. “No one cares more for you, no one. Remember I have worshipped you so long — and then had you — now lost you.”

Cle Elum school officials had seen enough. They reached an agreement with the coach and his union: He would quit, and the district would drop its investigation and not disclose his misconduct to potential employers.

Pendleton, currently principal of Walla Walla High School, said he is angry with how he and district officials handled the case.

“I am a little disappointed in myself,” he said. “You are supposed to call the cops. I probably should have.”

Cle Elum officials sent the sexual-misconduct complaint about Sheriff to the state superintendent in 1995.

After four years of investigating the problems in Cle Elum and Port Townsend, the state decided to revoke Sheriff’s teaching license, concluding he had sex with a student and sent love letters to another. At that point, Sheriff voluntarily gave up the license.

But that wouldn’t stop him from coaching.

Pushed out of public schools, coaches start their own private teams
As the participation in girls sports has exploded, so have the opportunities for college scholarships for female athletes. Competition for those scholarships has created a new phenomenon: elite club, or “select,” teams for girls.

These teams are big business, with parents paying coaches thousands of dollars to sharpen their daughters’ skills.

Sandy Schneider, a longtime girls basketball coach and assistant athletic director at Lakeside School in Seattle, sees this largely unregulated world as dangerous territory. Unsupervised coaches are traveling with athletes, staying overnight in hotels and spending countless hours individually training girls — for fees of up to $600 a month.

“There are a lot of kids and families in a position to be exploited,” Schneider said.
Roger Hansen, a highly regarded coach and athletic director for Lake Washington High School, explained: “Joe Blow off the street can go out and recruit and say anything and do anything and promise anything to kids and start his own team.”
It was here that Sheriff found his next coaching opportunity.

Shut off from public-school teaching, Sheriff landed positions in the late 1990s with two club teams: the Bellevue Girls Select Basketball team and the Puget Sound Flight.

Going into private coaching is an easy option for coaches with troubled pasts. The Times found at least nine other coaches like Sheriff who had been reprimanded, fired or pushed out of public-school jobs for sexual misconduct but continued coaching for nonschool teams.

Sheriff insists he told the directors of those teams about his past. “I’ve been honest and told them there were allegations, and still they wanted me to coach,” he said in an interview. “They begged me to coach. I’ve been above and beyond reproach in the past 10 years.”

But Dennis Edwards, Puget Sound Flight director of operations, said he didn’t know about Sheriff’s reputation until a parent informed him three years later. Edwards said he gave Sheriff a choice: Quit or tell players and parents about his past.

Sheriff quit but continued to coach for Bellevue Girls Select. Then in May 2000, he was hired by Barbara Berry, a former University of Washington basketball player, to coach The Way to Win, a private basketball program in Maple Valley.

Berry said she had known Sheriff for years, seeing him at coaching clinics, camps and tournaments, and considers him “the best basketball coach I know, strictly from a basketball sense.”

Shortly after Sheriff started, Berry heard complaints about her friend’s tainted history. “Some didn’t come to The Way to Win program because of it,” Berry said. “I would get phone calls about Randy all the time.”

Even after learning about Sheriff’s past, however, Berry didn’t say anything to her players or their parents.

A few months ago, after reporters started looking into Sheriff’s past, he quit coaching for The Way to Win and Bellevue Girls Select. He now works as a motivational speaker. In an interview, Sheriff said: “I’ve had no inappropriate behavior with students. I’ve always denied all the historical allegations.”

INVESTIGATIONS CAN BE LENGTHY

While the process drags on, teachers who coach often hop to new districts. Just how many Randy Sheriffs are still coaching girls is impossible to say. The Times’ investigation found that school districts are hesitant to even begin investigations, and when they do, the burden tends to fall more on the accusing player than on the accused coach.

Even when districts find evidence of abuse, they often simply pass the offending coach on to another unsuspecting district. And when the state gets involved, investigations are haphazard and can drag on for years.

For example, the OSPI took nearly five years to investigate complaints against Mark A. Taylor, now 44, a Bethel School District volleyball coach and science teacher.

Most of that time, the file sat on OSPI shelves. Taylor had been forced to resign in 1993 from Spanaway Junior High after female students complained that he slipped his hand down a girl’s shirt and fondled her breast on the ride home from a class trip to a water park.

By law, school districts are supposed to inform the OSPI when they have “reliable information” that teachers aren’t of “good moral character” or have committed unprofessional conduct.

The state then must investigate and determine whether those teachers should face discipline, up to losing their licenses.

Bethel officials passed their findings along, but the OSPI took so long to close the case — 1,765 days — that Taylor landed another coaching and teaching job at Clover Park in Pierce County and then at Lake Stevens in Snohomish County. Lake Stevens did not know about complaints against Taylor, and records are unclear whether Clover Park knew.

And girls at those schools accused Taylor of always trying to find ways to be alone with them and sexually harassing them.

While the OSPI sat on the case, Taylor’s teaching license expired. The state, following its policy, closed his case without a resolution. In the past 10 years, the OSPI dismissed 12 sexual-misconduct cases because teachers’ licenses lapsed during the often slow-paced and incomplete investigations.

But Taylor immediately applied to renew his lapsed license.

At first, the OSPI stated it would give him one, but only if he went on probation for four years and told future employers about his misconduct.

Faced with a legal fight from Taylor’s union attorney, the OSPI instead gave him a written reprimand, telling him not to sexually touch or harass girls again.
Taylor taught at Covington Middle School in Vancouver, Wash., for the 2000 school year. He now has a post-office-box address in Washington, D.C., but it’s unclear if he is teaching.

LESS OVERSIGHT IN PRIVATE SPORTS

Confused young girls often don’t recognize what’s happening until it’s too late. Most shocking, perhaps, are cases where officials and parents have reason to suspect problems with coaches but look away.

Glen Whitworth had already been let go from two positions coaching gymnastics. In the Puyallup School District, an assistant coach complained that Whitworth constantly made sexual innuendoes to the girls. In Federal Way, at Gymnastics Unlimited, girls as young as 9 told the gym’s owner that Whitworth talked about sex with them.

But these complaints didn’t stop some parents from helping Whitworth open a gym in the Pierce County town of Sumner.

“I couldn’t believe people left here to go be with him,” said David Mackey, who had fired Whitworth from Gymnastics Unlimited. “I was thinking the parents would keep him in check.”

This time, Whitworth had no boss. And this time, he went a lot further.
When one petite, 13-year-old gymnast met Whitworth at his new gym, she looked up to him from the start.

“You trust your coach,” said the girl, now 26 years old. “You get up on a four-inch beam and you start to do a flip and if you miss, they’re going to catch you. We, like, thought he was god. We worshipped him.”

By the time Whitworth invited the girl to a slumber party at the gym, he had control of her emotionally. That night, he pulled her to him and, with other girls sleeping nearby, forced her to give him oral sex, according to a police report. Then he ordered her to go back to sleep.

The girl was confused, knowing at some level that Whitworth’s actions were despicable, but at the same time feeling she was “chosen.”

A week later, he put her on his team. “I was excited because I got to be on the team with the girls that were really good and everyone in the gym looks up to those girls,” she said.

So when Whitworth encouraged her and another girl to stay late with him at the gym and drink liquor, she found herself going along. Later, he showed them pornographic videos.

Ultimately, the girl was having sex with her coach almost on a daily basis.
She was a typical target — lacking a father figure and having low self-esteem. “I had no ability to say no,” she recalls. “I was a loner. I felt like I wasn’t an understood person.”

After graduating and leaving Sumner, the girl unburdened herself to a friend, who urged her to call police.

Whitworth was arrested and convicted of two counts of third-degree rape of a child.
Even with that record, there’s nothing stopping Whitworth, or any other registered sex offender, from setting himself up again as a coach.
Lakeside coach Schneider can’t believe it. “My question is, who’s overseeing these people?”

Christine Willmsen: 206-464-3261 or cwillmsen@seattletimes.com
Maureen O’Hagan: 206-464-2562 or mohagan@seattletimes.com